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Nd:YAG Laser Crystal

來源: 發(fā)布時間:2019-12-25 84

Description

Nd: YAG one of the mature developed laser crystals which is obtained by doping Nd ion into YAG crystal. The absorption bandwidth of Nd:YAG laser crystal are 730-760 nm and 790-820 nm, and usually pumped by flashtube or laser diode. The typical laser emission peak is 1064 nm, the wavelength of 946 nm, 1120 nm, 1320 nm and 1440 nm lasers can be emitted too through some measures, Q-switch and lock mode are adapted to obtain laser with different wavelength (532 nm, 266 nm, 213 nm etc.) and pulse width (10-25 ns) respectively, which makes the huge application in biophysics, medicine, military, machine, scientific research and architecture etc.. Commonly, the high concentration doped crystal is applied into pulse laser and the low concentration doped one is usually used in continuous wave output.

Parameter

Material and Specifications

Nd Concentration Tolerance (atm%) 0.1- 2.5(+/-0.1)atm%
Orientation [001] or [110] or [111] <±0.5°
Parallelism 10〞
Perpendicularity
Surface Quality 10-5(MIL-O-13830A)
Wavefront Distortion λ/4@632 nm
Surface Flatness λ/8@632 nm
Clear Aperture >95 %
Chamfer <0.2×45°
Length Tolerance +0.5/-0mm
Thickness/Diameter Tolerance ±0.05 mm
Maximum Dimensions dia (3~12.7)×(3~150) mm
Damage Threshold >750 MW/cm2@1064 nm 10 ns 10 Hz
Chips  
Extinction Ratio >30 dB(depends on actual sizes )
Barrel Finish 400 grit

Physical and Chemical Properties

Crystal Structure cubic – la3d
Lattice Constants 12.01 ?
Density 4.56 g/cm3
Melting Point 1950 °C
Thermal Conductivity/(W·m-1·K-1@25°C) 0.14 W
Specific Heat/(J·g-1·K-1) 0.59
Rupture Stress 1.3-2.6*103 kg/cm2
Thermal Expansion /(10-6·K-1@25°C ) [100] Orientation–8.2
 [110] Orientation–7.7
 [111] Orientation–7.8
Hardness (Mohs) 8.5
Young`s Modulus/GPa 317
Shear Modulus/Gpa 54.66
Extinction Ratio 25 dB
Poisson Ratio 0.25

Optical and Spectral Properties

Laser Transition 4F3/2 →> 4I11/2
Photon Energy 1.86×10-19 J
Laser Transition Wavelength, λl (nm) 1064
Pump Transition Wavelength, λp (nm) 808
Pump Transition Bandwidth, Δλp (nm) <4
Laser Transition Bandwidth, Δλl (nm) ~0.6
Pump Transition Peak Cross Section, σp (E-20 cm2) 6.7
Laser Transition Peak Cross Section, σl (E-20 cm2) 28
Pump Transition Saturation Intensity, φp (kW/cm2) 12
Laser Transition Saturation Intensity, φl (kW/cm2) 2.6
Laser Transition Saturation Fluence, Γl,sat (J/cm2) 0.6
Minimum Pump Intensity, Imin (kW/cm2) ~0
Upper Laser Manifold Lifetime, τ(msec) 0.26
Quantum Defect Fraction 0.24
Fractional Heat Generation 0.37
Refractive Index 1.8197 @1.064 μm
Fluorescence Lifetime 230 μs

Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Feature

  • High gain coefficient

  • Low lasing threshold

  • Excellent optical, mechanical and physical properties

  • High slope efficiency

  • Wide absorption bandwidth

Application

Material Processing

Optical Communication

Radar and Ranging 

Holography

Medical Applications

Laser rangefinder

Laser cosmetic instrument

Laser marker

Laser medicine

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